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H. B. FERNALD.

Lamp.

Patented May 17, 1844- IIIII Hll N. PETERS. Phntalithugnpfiwr,Walhington, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY B. FERNALD, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 3,591, dated May 17, 1844.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY B. FERNALD, of Boston, in the county ofSuffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and drawingtaken in connection constitute a fulland exact specification of theconstruction and operation of my said invention. 10

Figure 1 represents an elevation of a lamp constructed on my improvedplan, and Fig. 2 is a central and vertical section of the same.

In this lamp, A, Fig. 2, denotes the burner which is constructed, andsupplied with a wick, like the burners of ordinary Argand, or Carcellamps. At an elevation of about five or six inches above the burner, adistributing reservoir or fountain B, is placed, and communicates withthe burner by means of a tube A, which proceeds from the bottom of thefountain B, and opens into the Wick tube case of the burner. By the sideof the tube a, another tube Z), is arranged. Its upper end passesthrough the bottom of the fountain B, and continues upward, and opensjust beneath the top thereof, as seen in the figure. WVhere the tube a,and b, are connected with the bottom of the fountain, they are to besoldered,or so fitted thereto that no oil can escape downward aroundtheir exterior sides. The tube 6, opens into the tube a, at c, or at alevel just below the top of the burner A; and the tube Z) continuesdownwards, and terminates and opens just below the burner as seen inFig. 2, or in such manner that any oil which may flow downward throughit may be discharged into the interior of the column or stand C, of thelamp, and thence into the base or main reservoir D. A forcing pump E, isplaced within the reservoir D, and is actuated by a crank shaft G,having a lever or crank E, upon its external end, or that which projectsthrough theibase; or it may be operated by any other suitable means. Atube (Z, leads from the force pump E, to the distributing reservoir B.

The opening of the tubea, into the reservoir, B, should be very small,or, it should be of such size as will permit a quantity of oil to fiowdown the tube at, equal to the amount consumed by the burner. The excessabove what is required by the wick, during the process of combustion,will flow through the orifice c, and into the tube 5, and thence downthe column 0, and into the base D. Whenever the oil in the fountain B,runs low, or it becomes necessary to increase the supply therein moreoil may be forced into the same by means of the forcing pump and whenthe oil rises in the fountain B, above the height of the top of the tubeI), it will escape through the tube Z2, and run back into the base D.Consequently by means of the fountain B, and the tubes at, and b, thelevel of the oil in the burner may be constantly maintained.

For convenience of regulating the flowage of oil down the tube a, Iintend to provide it with a stop cock, or screw valve by which theopening for the passage of the oil from the reservoir B, into the same,may be enlarged or diminished at pleasure.

The chimney of the burner is seen at H, and the glass shade surroundingthe same at I.

' I claim The apparatus added to, and combined with the burner and thereservoir 11), for the purpose of maintaining the oil in the wick caseat a constant level with respect to the wick; the same consisting of thedistributing fountain B, and tubes at, and .7), proceeding therefrom,and opening into, or communicating with each other at c, (or at thelevel or about the level of the top of the burner) and with the columnC, or reservoir D, as before set forth, the whole being arranged andoperating in connection with the burner and fountain beneath the same,substantially as herein above specified.

HENRY B. FERNALD.

WVitnesses:

R. H. EDDY, JOHN NOBLE.

